Product
What does it deliver?
Formulation, ingredients, texture, temperature, packaging, and delivery.
Research in practiceSensory comparisons, discrimination and descriptive testing, and time-based measures.
Identify what changes in the product and what people can detect.
Person
How does someone respond?
Sensory responsiveness, physiology, expectations, previous experience, and current state.
Research in practicePerception and liking measures, consumer research, behavioural tasks, and physiological measures where useful.
Understand differences between people and within the same person.
Context
What changes around use?
Setting, occasion, information, social surroundings, routines, and practical constraints.
Research in practiceContext comparisons, interviews, diaries, and studies of actual and repeated use.
Find out whether an explanation holds under relevant conditions.
Time
What changes over time?
Onset, peak, duration, adaptation, learning, memory, and repeated use.
Research in practiceTime-based sensory measures, repeated assessments, diaries, and longitudinal research.
Understand how responses develop, what persists, and what changes with repeated use.